Binti Azmi, Farisha, Normaisharah Mamat, Nur Azaliah Abu Bakar, and Siti Maherah Hussin. “Hate Speech Detection of Manglish (Malay + English) in X (Twitter) Using XLM-RoBERTa and XLNet”. Open International Journal of Informatics 13, no. 2 (December 26, 2025): 97–104. Accessed February 9, 2026. https://oiji.utm.my/index.php/oiji/article/view/347.